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Calling a candle strong after seeing the chart is easy. Detecting the next case consistently requires a reference for strength and a confirmation time.
The visual description
ICT and SMC use displacement for a directional price expansion. Large bodies, limited overlap, swing breaks, and FVGs may be included, but this is not a standardized exchange field.
Body size is the absolute close–open difference; range is high minus low. Body as a share of range is one possible measurement.
A numerical teaching example
Suppose the previous 20 completed candles have a median range of 2 and the current completed range is 5. Relative range is 2.5 times the reference. A body of 4 occupies 80% of that range.
These are calculation inputs, not recommended thresholds or a validated strategy. The same absolute move can mean something different in a high-volatility market. Use a past-data reference and do not divide by a zero range.
Store structure and FVG separately
Separate strong-move, confirmed-swing-break, and FVG flags to examine their additional information. Defining strength only for candles followed by successful continuation embeds the outcome in the label.
When was it knowable?
Close, high, and low conditions become final at bar close. A pivot may only be confirmed later. Timestamp the event when all required information is available.
Equity announcements and futures session openings can also produce large candles. Preserve market, session, and announcement context rather than transferring BTC findings without a test.
Continue with common foundations
Market structure · FVG basics · Order blocks · ICT liquidity
Research methods and reporting standards
For education and research. Numerical examples are teaching assumptions unless explicitly identified otherwise. Historical results do not guarantee future performance.